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Objective: To quantitatively evaluate the efficacy of a novel continuous irrigation sheath in improving the vision of flexible cystoscopy under hematuria using an in vitro bladder model. Methods: An in vitro bladder model was designed for simulating flexible cystoscopy under hematuria. According to the presence of continuous hemorrhage the experiment was divided into the static experiment and the dynamic experiment. The experiment was divided into three groups according to three levels of the irrigation condition during flexible cystoscopy: no irrigation (Group 1), continuous irrigation without an outflow of water (Group 2), and continuous irrigation with an outflow of water (Group 3). The vision field of flexible cystoscopy and vision precision of flexible cystoscopy images were recorded at 30, 60, 90 and 120 s. Results: The vision field and precision of flexible cystoscopy images were greatly different between the 3 groups in both the static and the dynamic experiments. Compared with Group 1, the vision field and precision were significantly improved in Group 2 and 3 in both the static and the dynamic experiments(P<0. 01). The vision precision of Group 3 was significantly better than that in Group 2 in both the static and the dynamic experiments(P<0. 05,P<0. 01), and the vision field of Group 3 was also significantly better than that in Group 2 in the dynamic experiments (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The novel continuous irrigation sheath can effectively improve the vision field and precision of flexible cystoscopy.
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Objective To access the feasibility of ueing "flexible Uitrasonic cystoscopy (FUCS)" (Uitrasonic bronchoscope Olympus BF-UC260F-OL8 as a subslitute) for staging of bladder cancet Methods From Jun 2010 to Nov. 2010,36 patierrts with piiimary bladder urotheiial carcinoma were examined by "FUCS" before operation and were rttaged by "FUCS" findings. All patients rectived IVP and enhanced pdvc CT Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patierrts rem-ved TURBT, and the tumor base was routinely bopied for pathology Pathological results, traditional imaging eraliiaiton, and "FUCS" evaluation were compared. Visual analog scores (VAS) were also compared between patierrts reccing "FUCS" and rcmime cystoscopy. Results Compared with conventional cyrtoscopy, the VAS of patients receiving intraoperative "FUCS" was significantly tower (1 3 ± 0. 5 vs 4. 3 ± 0. 9, P<0. 01). Of the 36 patierrts, 28 were diagrosed as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (Ta + T1) and 8 were diagrosed as muscle-invasive bladder career (T2 + T3). Based on the postoperative pathologic results, "FUCS" had a 100% accuracy in diagnoeing norem Uselelinvaeive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Conclution "FUCS" is painless and feasible in clinical practice; it can display the depth of bladder wall invaded by tumor, and can be used for preoperative staging of primary bladder tumor.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Tamsulosin hydrochloride can significantly improve benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms after the first dose and achieve long-term efficacy in European and American populations; however, the corresponding studies from China are rarely seen. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of tamsulosin hydrochloride 0.2 mg once daily in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of BPH in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chinese patients with LUTS suggestive of BPH were enrolled in a 4-week placebo run-in period and subsequent 60-week open-label study. Tamsulosin hydrochloride 0.2 mg was administered daily during the period of the study. The efficacy and safety parameters were evaluated at the end of treatment period I (0 - 12 weeks) and period II (13 - 60 weeks). The BPH patients were divided into tamsulosin monotherapy group and combination therapy group which received concomitant medication of finasteride 5 mg once daily after the evaluation at the end of treatment period I.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 113 patients were recruited to the study. Eighty-two patients received tamsulosin monotherapy and twenty-nine received combination therapy during the treatment period II. Tamsulosin hydrochloride produced a great improvement in mean maximum urinary flow rate (Q(max)) (1.7 ml/s, 3 ml/s) and a significant decrease in mean international prostate symptom score (IPSS) (4.1, 6.4) after 12-week and 60-week treatments, respectively. At the end of treatment period II, there were significant improvement in IPSS, quality of life (QOL) score, Q(max) and average flow rate (Q(ave)) for combination therapy group compared with the treatment period I (all P < 0.05). No serious adverse events (SAE) were recorded during the study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Long-term tamsulosin hydrochloride therapy is a safe, effective and well-tolerated method for the treatment for LUTS suggestive of BPH in China.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists , Therapeutic Uses , China , Placebos , Prostatic Hyperplasia , Drug Therapy , Prostatism , Drug Therapy , Sulfonamides , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the value of central venous catheter in treatment of refractory urinary retention in children. Methods: Seven boys with acute urinary retention, who underwent failed routine drainage from Aug. 2007 to Jun. 2008, received paracentric suprapubic cystostomy via disposable central venous catheter. The patients were followed up for 2-11 months and the outcomes and complications were observed. Results: The catheterization processes were successful at the first try, with the mean operation time being (3.2 ± 0.4) min, ranging 2-5 min. The drainage outcomes were satisfactory and there were no complications. Conclusion: Suprapubic puncture and drainage with central venous catheter is safe and effective for children with urinary retention and is worth popularizing.
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Objective: To evaluate the application of ureteroscope-assisited laparoscopic varicocelectomy with two trocars only. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical efficacy and safety of ureteroscope-assisited laparoscopic varicocelectomy with only two trocars in management of 11 patients with grade II-III varicocele, who were treated in our hospital between Jun. 2008 to Jun. 2009 and were followed up for 3-15 months. Results: The operation was successful in all the 11 cases. The mean operation time was (19.4 ± 1.1) min (ranging 16-28 min). There were no complications after the procedure; the patients were allowed for ambulation on the next day after operation and were discharged on the third day. The sperm count was (2609 ± 208) × 104/ml three months after operation, which was significantly higher than that before operation (1463 ± 128) × 104/ml (P < 0.01). There was no recurrence or testis atrophy. Conclusion: Ureteroscope-assisited laparoscopic varicocelectomy with only two trocars is safe, effective, and easy-to-perform, and it has less complications and trauma.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of chronic enhanced external counterpulastion (EECP) on gene expression profiles of arterial endothelial cells (ECs) of pigs fed with high-cholesterol diet.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eight male pigs were fed with high-cholesterol diet for 12 weeks to induce arteriosclerosis and subjected to EECP for accumulative 36 h (2 h every other day for 18 sessions). Another 8 pigs on cholesterol-enriched diet and 6 normally fed pigs served as the arteriosclerosis model group and normal control group, respectively, and the high-cholesterol diet was maintained until the end of EECP treatment. The coronary artery was then isolated for transmission electro microscopy, and the abdominal aorta was observed using Sudan III staining. The gene expression profiles in ECs from the thoracic aorta using cDNA microarrays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Macrophages and foam cells were detected beneath the ECs in the coronary artery of pigs in the model group, but not in the other two groups. The ratios of Sudan III-positive area in the celiac aorta were significantly lower in normal control and EECP groups than in the model control group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the gene expressions of integrins-beta1 and CTGF were up-regulated in the model group. Compared with the model group, the expressions of integrins-beta1, CTGF and VCAM-1 were down-regulated and eNOS up-regulated in EECP group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chronic EECP may reduce endothelial injury, down-regulate the gene expression level of integrin-beta1, CTGF and VCAM-1, lower cholesterol uptake and attenuate arterial endothelial inflammation to protect the pigs fed with high-cholesterol diet from arteriosclerosis.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Aorta, Abdominal , Metabolism , Pathology , Arteriosclerosis , Genetics , Pathology , Coronary Vessels , Metabolism , Pathology , Counterpulsation , Methods , Diet, Atherogenic , Endothelial Cells , Metabolism , Gene Expression Profiling , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Methods , SwineABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the total prostate volume (TPV) and prostate transitional zone volume (TZV) in different age groups of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients, calculate the transitional zone index (TZI), and analyze correlation of age with the above parameters.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We divided 1,563 BPH patients into 4 age groups (50-59, 60-69, 70-79 and 80-89 y), measured their TPV and TZV by rectal ultrasonography, calculated their TZI and evaluated all the data obtained by statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The TPV, TZV and TZI of the BPH patients were shown to be (32.27 +/- 15.76) ml, (9.55 +/- 98) ml and 0.28 +/- 0.13 in the 50-59 y group; (40.93 +/- 17.45) ml, (14.94 +/- 11.83) ml and 0.34 +/- 0. 16 in the 60-69 y group; (46.56 +/- 20.31) ml, (19.54 +/- 19.25) ml and 0.39 +/- 0.16 in the 70-79 y group; and (47.85 +/- 26.63) ml, (20.40 +/- 16.78) ml and 0.41 +/- 0.19 in the 80-89 y group. Both TPV and TZV were positively correlated with the patients' age, (r1 = 0.232, r2 = 0.256).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TPV and TZV increase with age in BPH patients, the latter even more obviously than the former.</p>